Hunhu, kushandiswa uye kukura kwekabhoni fiber
1.Hunhu uye zvimiro zvekabhoni fiber
Carbon fiber zvinhu zvitema, zvakaoma, simba rakakwirira, huremu huremu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva zvine zvakanakisa zvemuchina.Simba rayo rinokwevera pasi risingasviki 1/4 yesimbi.Kusimba kwekusimba kwekabhoni fiber resin inoumbwa zvinhu kazhinji iri pamusoro pe35000MPa, 7.9 nguva yesimbi.Iyo tensile modulus ye elasticity iri pakati pe230000MPa ne430000MPa.Naizvozvo, iyo chaiyo simba reCFRP, ndiko kuti, chiyero chesimba rezvinhu kune density yayo, iri pamusoro pe20000MPa/(g/cm3), asi iyo chaiyo simba reA3 simbi i590MPa/(g/cm3) Iyo chaiyo. elastic modulus zvakare yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yesimbi.Iyo yakakwirira iyo chaiyo simba rezvinhu, iyo idiki iyo inorema yega yechikamu, iyo yakakwira chaiyo elastic modulus, iyo yakakura kuomarara kwechikamu.Nenzira iyi, tarisiro yakafara yekushandiswa kwekabhoni fiber muinjiniya inoratidzwa.Tichitarisa zvakanakisa zvimiro zvezvakawanda zviri kubuda zvinoumbwa zvinhu, senge Polymer inoumba girazi fiber zvinhu, metal-based composite materials, uye ceramic-based composite materials, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofanotaura kuti zvinhu zvinosanganiswa zvichapinda munguva yekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakapararira kubva pazera resimbi.
PAN kabhoni faibha uye fiberglass inoumbwa zvinhu:
(1) Mechanical properties, yakaderera density pane simbi, lightweight;yakakwirira modulus, yakakwirira kusimba, simba rakakwirira, simba rakanyanya kuneta, yakanakisa kupfeka kuramba uye lubricity;yakanakisa vibration attenuation;
(2) Kudzivirirwa kudiki kwekupisa, kugadzikana, kupisa kwekuwedzera kweiyo coefficient, yakanaka dimensional kugadzikana, thermal conductivity;yakanakisa kupisa kusagadzikana mune inert gasi;
(3) Ndeyemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze conductive zvinhu zvine magetsi conductivity uye electromagnetic wave shielding properties, uye magetsi conductivity uye electromagnetic wave shielding properties.(4) Yakanakisa muX-ray transmittance, uye chimiro chakakodzera chinogona kugadzirwa zvinoenderana nechinangwa.
Muna 2007, muJapan mukuruCarbon fiber mutengesiToray Co., Ltd. yakabatana neNissan Motor nemamwe makambani kugadzira michina yekucheka-cheka vachishandisa kabhoni fiber, iyo inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya huremu hwezvikamu zvikuru zvemotokari, senge chasi.Iyo tekinoroji nyowani inoderedza huremu hwese hwemotokari ne10% uye inovandudza kushandiswa kwemafuta ne4% kusvika 5%.Mukuwedzera, iyo kukanganisa kupikisa ndeye 1.5 nguva yeyakajairika.Vagadziri vanoronga kuunza tekinoroji nyowani kumotokari dzekutengesa mumakore matatu.Tekinoroji nyowani inovimbisa kukurumidza kuchinjika kwesimbi-centric mota mbishi zvinhu zvichipesana neyakaomesesa mitemo yemafuta emafuta kudzikisa magreenhouse gasi kutenderera pasirese.
2.Kushandiswa kwekabhoni fiber
Carbon faibha izwi rinowanzoreva mafiber ane kabhoni inodarika 90%, uye inopihwa zita repamusoro kabhoni.Carbon fiber ine akasiyana siyana emhando ye elemental kabhoni, senge diki chaiyo giravhiti, kupisa kupisa, kupisa kutyisa kuramba, makemikari kuramba uye conductivity, nezvimwe. Iine faibha entanglement uye yakanakisa mechanic zvinhu.Kunyanya, simba rayo chairo uye chaiyo elastic modulus yakakwira, uye inokwanisa kumira tembiricha yakakwira ye2000 pasi pemamiriro ekuparadzanisa okisijeni.Iyo yakakosha maindasitiri fiberglass raw materialuye inokodzera kusimbaradza zvinhu zvinoumba composite, ablation materials, uye heat insulation materials.Ichi chinhu chitsva chakagadzirwa mukutanga kwema1960 uye chave chinhu chitsva chakakosha munharaunda yemazuva ano.
Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvekuvaraidza, yekutanga kushandiswa kwePAN kabhoni fiber ndiyo tsvimbo yekuredza.Parizvino, goho repagore repasi rose rekubata hove kabhoni ringangoita mamirioni gumi nemaviri, uye huwandu hwekabhoni faibha inoshandiswa ingangoita matani 1,200.Kushandiswa kwecarbon fiber mumakirabhu egorofu kwakatanga muna 1972. Parizvino, kubuda kwepagore kwefibra de carbon.makirabhu egorofu munyika anosvika mamiriyoni makumi mana emabhodhoro, uye huwandu hwecarbon fiber hwakaenzana nematani zviuru zviviri.Kushandiswa kwematenesi rackets kwakatanga muna 1974. Iye zvino, nyika yakagadzira mamiriyoni 4,5 e carbon fiber rackets gore rapera, uye kushandiswa kwecarbon fiber kunoda matani mazana mashanu.Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kabhoni fiber inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muskis, mabhoti echando, ski stick, baseball bats, mitambo yemugwagwa, uye mitambo yegungwa.
Kuziva huremu, kuramba kuneta, corrosion resistance uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekabhoni fiber, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemuchadenga.Mumunda wekubhururuka kwemuchadenga, high-modulus kabhoni fibers yakashandiswa mumasatelliti ekugadzira nekuda kwehuremu hwadzo (kusimba) uye kupisa kwekushisa kwedimensional kugadzikana.Mumakore achangopfuura, ave achishandiswa mumasatelliti ekukurukurirana akadai seiridium.
Mushonga wekuumba unonyanya kusanganiswa mu thermoplastic resin nenzira yegirazi faibha akachekwa tambo, iyo ine mhedzisiro yekusimbisa, anti-static uye electromagnetic wave shielding, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yemumba, zvishandiso zvemuhofisi, semiconductors neminda ine hukama.
3.Chimiro chekugadzirwa kwekabhoni fiber zvigadzirwa munyika yangu
Kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwekabhoni fiber munyika yangu kuchiri mudanho rekutanga.Kugona kugadzira kwemukati kabhoni faibha kunongosvika 0.4% yehuwandu hwekubuda kwehigh performance carbon fiber jiramunyika, uye zvinopfuura 90% zvekushandisa mudzimba zvinoenderana nezvinotengwa kunze kwenyika.Hunhu hwePAN precursor hwagara huri bhodhoro rinorambidza kugadzirwa kwakakura kwekabhoni fiber indasitiri munyika yangu.Pamusoro pezvo, nekuti kabhoni faibha yagara ichionekwa sechinhu chakakosha, nyika dzakabudirira dzakavharirwa kunze kwenyika.Naizvozvo, nyanzvi dzeindasitiri dzinotenda kuti kusimbisa tsvakiridzo yekutanga ndiyo hwaro hwehunyanzvi uye nzira yakakosha yekuvandudza indasitiri yekabhoni fiber indasitiri.
Nyika yangu yakatanga kudzidza kabhoni fiber kubva kuma1960 kusvika kuma1970, ichida kufambirana nenyika.Mushure memakore anopfuura makumi matatu ekushanda nesimba, Kambani yeToray yekuJapan yakagadzira zvigadzirwa zvekabhoni fiber padyo nedanho reT300, asi zvinobuda uye mhando haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemumba, izvo zviri kure nenyika dzekunze.Kuenzaniswa nedanho repamusoro repasi rose, matambudziko akatanhamara emumba kabhoni faibha simba rakaderera kabhoni faibha, kusafanana uye kugadzikana, uye danho rekusimudzira rinoda kusvika makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu kumashure kweiyo nyika dzakasimukira, uye chiyero chekugadzira chidiki, michina yehunyanzvi. iri kumashure, uye kugadzirwa kwakanaka kwakashata.
Parizvino, nyika yepasirese fibra de carbon pret kugadzirwa inokwana matani zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu, uye kudiwa kwepagore mumusika weChina kunosvika zviuru zvitanhatu nemazana mashanu.Iyo yakakura kabhoni fiber mutengi.Zvakadaro, kuChina kabhoni faibha yakabuda muna 2007 yaingove matani mazana maviri chete, uye kunyanya yakaderera-kushanda.Mazhinji eindasitiri anovimba nekutenga kunze kwenyika, uye mutengo unodhura zvakanyanya.Semuenzaniso, yakajairwa T300 musika inoshaya rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi ine yakazvimirira kodzero yezvivakwa zvehungwaru, uye mabhizinesi epamba haasati agona yakakwana kabhoni fiber core tekinoroji.Hunhu, tekinoroji uye chiyero chekugadzira kabhoni faibha munyika yangu zvakasiyana zvakanyanya nezviri kune dzimwe nyika.Pakati pavo, iyo yakakwira performance carbon fiber tekinoroji inodzorwa uye yakavharwa neJapan nenyika dzekuMadokero.Naizvozvo, zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti uone kuiswa kwekabhoni fiber.Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemusika, kwave ne "carbon fiber fever" muChina mumakore achangopfuura, uye mazhinji masainzi ekutsvagisa sainzi uye mabhizinesi akatanga kabhoni fiber research uye zviuru-matani maindasitiri mapurojekiti.
#Carbon fiber zvinhu#Polymer inoumba girazi fiber zvinhu#Carbon fiber mutengesi#girazi faibha akachekwa tambo#high performance carbon fiber jira
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-27-2022